第二次世界大戰(zhàn)，英國(guó)憑借什么“保持冷靜，繼續(xù)前行”（Keep Calm and Carry On）？硝煙剛剛散去，為什么這個(gè)國(guó)家就對(duì)曾經(jīng)出生入死的戰(zhàn)友除之而后快？那些被拆散的家庭，一夜之間失去丈夫的妻子，被送入孤兒院的孩子，忍受了何等痛苦，骨肉分離，含恨離世？英國(guó)政府為何至今不肯正式道歉？造成了無(wú)數(shù)人間悲劇的種族主義惡魔今天又如何為禍?zhǔn)篱g？
CGTN獨(dú)家紀(jì)錄片探訪二戰(zhàn)期間英國(guó)商船上中國(guó)船員的后人，翻閱檔案，揭秘80年前那場(chǎng)《隱秘的背叛》。
CGTN digs into a dark chapter of the UK's wartime history, where racial prejudice in some of the highest echelons of government resulted in broken families, lost heritage and a fight to make British authorities apologise for a shameful past.
背叛猝不及防
海上補(bǔ)給線是英國(guó)在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中的生命線，穿梭于大西洋上的商船隊(duì)和海員們直面德國(guó)U型潛艇的魚(yú)雷攻擊、暴風(fēng)雨、極寒天氣、饑餓和脫水，將物資源源不斷送往英倫三島，被稱(chēng)為“第四軍種”，是英國(guó)國(guó)家精神的象征。鮮為人知的是，這些英雄海員中，有1/7來(lái)自中國(guó)。中國(guó)海員們勤勞、勇敢、質(zhì)樸，在戰(zhàn)時(shí)，他們?cè)?jīng)是英國(guó)媒體廣為稱(chēng)頌的英雄。
然而，硝煙剛剛散去，英國(guó)政府即秘密出臺(tái)政策，將近萬(wàn)名中國(guó)海員驅(qū)逐出境。幾個(gè)月前的親密戰(zhàn)友一夜之間成了“不受歡迎的多余人員”。為了達(dá)到目的，英國(guó)政府秘密修改海員岸上停留規(guī)則，動(dòng)用政治警察，搜查住所，秘密抓捕并強(qiáng)制遣送。大批海員已在當(dāng)?shù)匕布遥c英國(guó)婦女結(jié)婚生子，一個(gè)個(gè)家庭被無(wú)端拆散，妻子再也見(jiàn)不到丈夫，襁褓中的孩子沒(méi)有了父親。
Heroic sailors braved the stormy seas and battlefronts of the North Atlantic to keep Allied forces supplied during the Second World War, defying U-boats and freezing weather to bring them food and other materials.
More than one in seven of the men risking their lives in those supply convoys were Chinese, recruited by the British government who said they were 'making history under fire'.
The seamen made new lives in Liverpool, a port city with a proud seafaring past and home to Europe's oldest Chinatown. Many of them married British women and had children, often returning to sea to bolster the Allied wartime effort.
圖說(shuō)：大西洋英國(guó)商船上的中國(guó)船員
生命在謊言和失望中枯萎
沒(méi)有人告訴妻子和孩子家里的男人去哪了，他們就這樣“憑空”消失了。家庭失去了生活來(lái)源，官方檔案把中國(guó)海員的妻子標(biāo)記為“妓女階層”，政府拒絕給予她們?nèi)魏紊钛a(bǔ)貼，公民權(quán)利被取消。由于家庭無(wú)力撫養(yǎng)，多數(shù)孩子被送去了孤兒院。
But once the war ended and British forces returned home triumphant, the Chinese sailors who were such a vital part of their victory were betrayed.
The government forcibly repatriated thousands of them, rounding them up from their homes, lodging houses, mahjong parlours, chip shops and bars, and forcing them on ships.
Hundreds of men vanished overnight, leaving behind wives, partners and children without any explanation of where they had gone and why.
CGTN speaks to sons, daughters and grandchildren of the sailors, whose families were torn apart and often left destitute after the Chinese seafarers disappeared.
英國(guó)政府、輪流執(zhí)政的保守黨和工黨把這個(gè)見(jiàn)不得光的秘密?chē)?yán)嚴(yán)實(shí)實(shí)地隱藏了70多年。無(wú)數(shù)生命在漫長(zhǎng)的歲月里流逝，那些郁郁而終的妻子，那些死于貧病的孩子，他們永遠(yuǎn)等不到真相了。時(shí)至今日，活下來(lái)的人們什么都沒(méi)有，除了心中無(wú)限的痛苦。他們甚至難以融入當(dāng)?shù)厝A人——他們的文化血脈被切斷了，既不是華人，也不是英國(guó)人。他們的根丟了。
Some of their wives - who lost their British nationality as soon as they married an 'alien' - never recovered from the shock, while others were forced to give up their children for adoption or social care.
Many families were left struggling with feelings of pain and anger, led to believe that they had been wilfully abandoned.
Many in their late seventies and eighties feel they have little time left to get the answers they are owed, and hope speaking now will increase pressure on the government to respond.
圖說(shuō)：中國(guó)船員的后人接受CGTN采訪
惡魔抬起了它丑惡的頭
國(guó)會(huì)議員莎拉·歐文一語(yǔ)中的：“說(shuō)到底就是種族歧視。”更令人不安的是，種族歧視的惡魔從未離開(kāi)。莎拉認(rèn)為，過(guò)去一兩年在新冠疫情大流行的背景下，針對(duì)中國(guó)人的種族歧視并不是什么新鮮玩意兒，只不過(guò)是70多年前英國(guó)那些丑行的翻版。莎拉和另一位議員金·約翰遜加入了海員后人的抗?fàn)?，不僅僅是為了那些曾經(jīng)為英國(guó)出生入死卻遭到無(wú)理驅(qū)逐的海員，不僅僅為那些含恨死去的妻子和孩子，不僅僅為了給還活著的人一個(gè)說(shuō)法，更重要的是不讓種族主義的毒瘤再侵蝕下一代，讓孩子們不再受到種族主義霸凌。然而，路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮，抗?fàn)幷呱舷虑笏鲄s難以得到一個(gè)滿(mǎn)意的答案。
CGTN speaks to the people who would like simple answers for what happened to their Chinese fathers and grandfathers, with cautious hope of reconnecting with any relatives who may exist.
圖說(shuō)：中國(guó)船員的后人翻閱老照片和歷史資料
英國(guó)欠他們一句“對(duì)不起”
“我對(duì)英國(guó)政府不報(bào)什么希望，”被驅(qū)逐海員的第三代凱麗·安告訴CGTN記者，“但他們總應(yīng)該發(fā)聲，為什么不能為過(guò)去的錯(cuò)誤道歉呢？”而第二代朱迪·基寧更加悲觀：“政府就等著我們這些老人一個(gè)個(gè)都死掉，到那時(shí)候他們就不用給任何人什么交代了。”
在不斷的抗?fàn)幭?，英?guó)政府終于在一份未公開(kāi)的文件上承認(rèn)了遣送政策的種族主義性質(zhì)，內(nèi)政部的一位部長(zhǎng)半遮半掩地寫(xiě)道：“我非常遺憾，部分在二戰(zhàn)中服務(wù)于商業(yè)艦隊(duì)的人員，受到如此待遇。”然而，無(wú)論是英國(guó)政府、執(zhí)政的保守黨，還是反對(duì)黨工黨，都未對(duì)遣送政策進(jìn)行正式道歉。
官方檔案上登記的被遣送人員姓名并不準(zhǔn)確，運(yùn)送他們的船只也無(wú)從查找，有的人甚至沒(méi)有登記姓名，而是被登記為“貨物”。沒(méi)有人知道他們之所終。他們的后人已屆耄耋之年，也許他們永遠(yuǎn)也等不到答案了。
This film highlights how racism can have a multigenerational legacy of pain and injustice. As UK member of parliament, Sarah Owen told Jamie Owen, racism doesn't just go away. "Racism against Chinese and East Asians reared its ugly head again during the past two years with COVID." She reminds us that work still needs to be done to make sure that future generations are not subject to the same racism that the older generations have been.
圖說(shuō)：中國(guó)船員后人在利物浦中國(guó)船員紀(jì)念碑旁回憶往事
紀(jì)錄片《隱秘的背叛》于2022年12月16日在CGTN英語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)、西班牙語(yǔ)、阿拉伯語(yǔ)、俄語(yǔ)各電視頻道播出，在CGTN網(wǎng)站及各社交平臺(tái)同步推出。如有線索，請(qǐng)致信sailors@cgtn.com，我們將努力幫助中國(guó)海員后人尋找在國(guó)內(nèi)的親人。愿逝者安息，愿離散的家庭再相聚，愿種族主義的惡魔不再侵蝕下一代的心靈。
This is a story of a 70-year shame that the British government has only recently acknowledged, but has failed to apologise for. It's also about family - and a broken community's fight to reclaim histories and identities that were robbed from them.
Families of the repatriated sailors hope that people seeing the documentary may know something about what happened to their missing men.
Do you know more about this story? Email: sailors@cgtn.com
（來(lái)源：中央廣播電視總臺(tái)CGTN）
